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  • ...what the chroniclers meant. Late Roman shield finds, the shield from Nydam and a fragment from the Isle of Man all have paint applied directly to the wood ...ied in size from around 45 - 120cm (18" - 48") in diameter but the smaller and more manageable 75 - 90cm (30" - 36") is by far the most common.
    7 KB (1,235 words) - 16:38, 27 August 2018
  • ...tside the formularised heroic literature, descriptions of battles, tactics and army compositions are rare. The main literary sources are: * 'Culhwch and Olwen' in the same manuscript as the Mabinogi but provenancable from a slig
    6 KB (976 words) - 20:09, 31 October 2018
  • ...in use at the same time as the coin. It does not follow that both the coin and the building were concurrent. ...le objects within the same layer will help to date that particular context and contribute towards the dating of the whole site. But what about wood? - thi
    9 KB (1,599 words) - 19:12, 27 August 2018
  • ''This article and its response originally appeared as '''Much Ado About Bondage''' in our soc ...yzantine manuscripts and ivory caskets is their depiction of a chest strap and two shoulder straps over the lamellar armour. In the Osprey books, this is
    7 KB (1,267 words) - 21:15, 30 October 2018
  • ...or these people was 'Galatai'. The Romans used the words 'Celtae', 'Galli' and 'Galatae'. Ephorus a Greek writer accorded them as being one of the four gr ...n Yoke'. The Romans had indeed brought the peoples of Britain great wealth and opportunity by connecting them to a greater Europe. The country was transfo
    6 KB (1,007 words) - 17:58, 27 August 2018
  • ....jpg|thumb|left|A C9th Anglo-Saxon sword with a silver inlayed iron pommel and grip]] ...revious owners bravery. The blades were between 72 - 80cm (29" - 32") long and about 7.5cm (3") broad at their widest with a shallow but broad groove or f
    8 KB (1,430 words) - 19:59, 31 October 2018
  • ...of iron from a piece of sheet, or drawing iron wire through a draw-plate, and winding this around a cylindrical former. It was then cut off with a chisel ...whole mailshirt was likely to have been 'oil tempered' to make it stronger and give some degree of rust-proofing.
    6 KB (990 words) - 21:16, 30 October 2018
  • ...harters and Domesday Book, but the evidence for them is mostly fragmentary and widely scattered. ...ick demonstrates. He was captured by pirates in the south-west of England, and spent six years in Ireland before escaping.
    4 KB (676 words) - 18:53, 12 August 2019
  • ...rope in the early middle ages. Its intended purpose is to put Christianity and paganism into perspective. ...ow are raging. This sparrow flies swiftly in through one door of the hall, and out through another. While he is inside, he is safe from the winter storms:
    5 KB (942 words) - 11:40, 30 August 2018
  • ...thicken, add a third part of pure wine, put it into two or three new pots, and continue boiling until you see that it forms a sort of skin on top. ...a piece of iron a finger thick, put it into the fire, let it get red-hot, and immediately throw it into the ink.'
    5 KB (937 words) - 12:08, 30 August 2018
  • ...inary sword could have been made. Its length varied according to its role, and examples found range from 7.5 - 75cm (3" - 30") blade length. However the a The smaller examples range from about 7.5 - 35cm (3" - 14") in blade length, and this is probably the knife referred to as the '''''hadseax'''''. These smal
    5 KB (950 words) - 23:41, 30 October 2018
  • ...e form of facings, embroidery or tablet weave, can be applied to the cuffs and neck-hole but not around the hem of the skirt. Tunics are usually made from Leg coverings, if worn at all, should be tight to the leg and can be hose and braies or trousers. Leg wraps can also be worn. These are long strips of 10
    4 KB (647 words) - 19:58, 21 January 2018
  • ...ts sometimes including a mail coif. Helmets were made in a variety of ways and from several materials, with the single objective of deflecting or complete ...rk although it could be added separately. A few of the earlier Anglo-Saxon and Viking helmets had spectacle like eye-guards or visors although these seem
    6 KB (1,012 words) - 21:11, 30 October 2018
  • ...e third century, long before the English arrived. The English were pagans, and the British churches were badly affected by the English invasions. There is ...ugustine and his companions were able to start restoring ancient churches, and building new ones.
    4 KB (601 words) - 11:35, 30 August 2018
  • ...prays or prophesies with her head unveiled disgraces her head—it is one and the same thing as having her head shaved. For if a woman will not veil hers All women and girls who have passed puberty must cover the tops of their heads. A simple
    9 KB (1,387 words) - 19:18, 14 January 2018
  • ...and eleventh centuries. Consequently, we often pick up odd misconceptions and attitudes. ...a matter of choice, it was a matter of fact. Atheism was an alien concept (and one dating from the eighteenth century). Living in the middle ages, you wou
    3 KB (486 words) - 19:24, 13 January 2018
  • ...the weapon par excellence among the Germanic peoples even during the tenth and eleventh centuries. ...le of Maldon in 991 the Eorl led his men into battle armed with his 'spear and shield'; it was only after he had killed two men with his spears that he th
    5 KB (974 words) - 23:41, 30 October 2018
  • ...ful and we can assume that two such similar clergymen established a strong and useful partnership. ...g such lands. It would further these plans greatly if the Duke of Normandy and perhaps the future King of England would give his support if not his availa
    5 KB (883 words) - 17:46, 27 August 2018
  • ...st few years. These ovens have been partly due to the efforts of Ted Jones and a few other individuals. My thanks must go to those people. Without their i ...use. It had been built over the remains of an earlier oven 3' x 5' in area and 9" deep, the floor of which showed considerable signs of intense heat.
    7 KB (1,398 words) - 13:59, 28 August 2018
  • ...and eleventh centuries. Consequently, we often pick up odd misconceptions and attitudes. ...a matter of choice, it was a matter of fact. Atheism was an alien concept (and one dating from the eighteenth century). Living in the middle ages, you wou
    2 KB (385 words) - 11:36, 30 August 2018
  • ...etimes they ask stupid questions. It’s the golden moments when they stop and really engage with a display that make it all worthwhile though, so anythin ...public we get at a show will make a difference, but if you think marketing and advertising, think what would make you walk into a shop or stop at a market
    3 KB (564 words) - 14:05, 6 July 2017
  • ...h England and in Carolingian Europe, and worn loosely draped over the head and wrapped around the shoulders whilst leaving the neck showing.<br> ...e form of facings, embroidery or tablet weave, can be applied to the cuffs and neck-hole. Tied belts of simple braid or cloth, sometimes ending in twin de
    4 KB (604 words) - 19:56, 21 January 2018
  • ...both in England and across Europe. It is worn loosely draped over the head and wrapped around the shoulders whilst leaving the neck showing. Equally popul ...ose the cuff of the shift underneath. Neck-holes are either round or oval, and can have a keyhole opening. Decoration, in the form of facings, embroidery
    4 KB (610 words) - 19:57, 21 January 2018
  • The alb was a long white tunic reaching to the ankles and with long sleeves, made from white linen or wool. It was worn by all ranks. ...f four to five feet. Common colours were green and purple, with white, red and dark brown (referred to as black) being reserved for special days. The chas
    5 KB (784 words) - 20:55, 13 January 2018
  • ...exorcists and acolytes. The Major Orders consisted of the deacons, priests and bishops. ...ear confession or celebrate Mass, but they were able to assist at services and carry out many of the lesser functions around the church.
    5 KB (830 words) - 11:22, 14 January 2018
  • Monasteries were places where men could go and devote their entire life to God. Most of their waking hours were governed b ...ing the monastery, but later the monks began the important task of copying and translating manuscripts. Their life was supposed to be spent entirely insid
    4 KB (680 words) - 11:46, 30 August 2018
  • ...e form of facings, embroidery or tablet weave, can be applied to the cuffs and neck-hole but not around the hem of the skirt. Tunics are usually made from ...gs, if worn at all, should be tight to the leg and can be trousers or hose and braies. Leg wraps can also be worn. These are long strips of 10cm wide wool
    4 KB (618 words) - 19:57, 21 January 2018
  • ...rst time. If it fails in this task, then please email wychurst@regia.org, and I shall do my best. The Wychurst Project Co-ordinator (WPC) is the backbone of the project and has the overview of what the current main tasks are. He has the final say o
    5 KB (790 words) - 18:09, 14 January 2018
  • ...the Danes the districts of Bayeux, Exmes and Sees, and in 933 the Cotenin and Avranchin. ...pted the Franks' language, religion, laws, customs, political organisation and methods of warfare. They had become Franks in all but name, for they were n
    3 KB (578 words) - 17:44, 27 August 2018
  • ...trip the plume. The choice is yours as illustrations show them both plumed and stripped. ...d attempt to have only enough to complete three letters at a time. Be slow and patient, if you wish to make a quick written record use a diptych.
    4 KB (773 words) - 11:52, 30 August 2018
  • ...a hard-working team, who together with the LHE coordinator, will organise and manage the setup of all such displays. ...epresent and demonstrate to the public snapshots of daily life, activities and crafts from Regia’s period of interest.
    3 KB (476 words) - 12:54, 27 October 2021
  • ...nlets' which comes from the name for the fjords in the area called 'Viks', and in this sense it is generally applied to the Scandinavians. ...us (Russian Vikings), Anglo-Danes, Anglo-Norse, Hiberno-Norse, Icelanders, and Greenlanders.
    3 KB (590 words) - 17:59, 27 August 2018
  • ...et alone with a modern equivalent. However, that is what I am going to try and do in this article, if only in very general terms. One thing to bear in min ...from written laws, particularly the laws written down in the reigns of Ine and Alfred, where an average or rough 'replacement value' for an item would be
    15 KB (2,428 words) - 18:38, 27 August 2018
  • ...oning or overcoming infection were slight, often resulting in an agonising and lengthy death. ...a bloody clash. No one in their right mind would contradict an armed thegn and his companions or Gesithas (pronounced as 'yeaseethass') with the authority
    3 KB (487 words) - 20:06, 31 October 2018
  • Regiapædia is for Officers and Members alike to produce and keep updated articles about our hobby. ...self. Some tabs and pages are restricted, mainly Officer Regulations pages and tabs. If you can edit it then you are allowed to do so.
    4 KB (569 words) - 21:12, 31 October 2018
  • ...about the looms, for if their warp was stretched between the weaver's belt and a tree or table leg there would be no archaeological trace. .... The rigid heddle of bone or wood was a flat frame with alternating slots and slats, with holes in through which the warp threads passed. By raising or d
    5 KB (870 words) - 15:24, 26 October 2018
  • ...tal work for the Celts and Vikings, but stone carvings, manuscript borders and illustration seem to be the main source for the Saxon designs. .... They will also have embroidery 'silks' (real silks are hard to come by), and transfer pencils to transfer your design on to the fabric (these work well
    3 KB (526 words) - 15:37, 26 October 2018
  • ...arrior class. The seax was carried by the English, both as a status symbol and as a weapon of last resort. ...classed at the time as ‘cutting edge’ technology. For added protection and as a status symbol, a ‘byrnie’ style of mail shirt is sometimes worn, w
    2 KB (313 words) - 19:57, 21 January 2018
  • ...n England and across Europe. The veil is worn loosely draped over the head and wrapped around the shoulders whilst leaving the neck showing. ...else with tight sleeves to the wrist. Neck-holes are either round or oval, and can have a keyhole opening. Decoration, in the form of facings, silk strips
    2 KB (372 words) - 19:56, 21 January 2018
  • ...he centre grip. Mail shirts are usually only available to rich aristocrats and professional warriors, although they are becoming ever more common as the c ...arrior class. The seax was carried by the English, both as a status symbol and as a weapon of last resort.
    2 KB (321 words) - 19:58, 21 January 2018
  • ...uries and the new industrialised towns churn out evermore weapons, helmets and mail shirts. ...w carry them. The seax was carried by the English, both as a status symbol and as a weapon of last resort.
    2 KB (327 words) - 19:55, 21 January 2018
  • ...after the Norman Conquest of 1066. Weapons and armour are generally plain and utilitarian being mass produced in the industrialised towns. ...aulberk style, a long mail shirt coming to the knees, split front and back and with an integral coif.
    2 KB (302 words) - 15:23, 23 January 2018
  • ...were fairly elaborate with specially sewn parts in the shape of the boss, and their unit symbols on them. Perhaps a version of these was what the chronic ...is applied. Round shields were typically 80 - 90cm (31" - 36") in diameter and constructed from 6 - 10mm (1/4" - 3/8") thick planks.
    3 KB (535 words) - 17:36, 18 September 2017
  • ...were fairly elaborate with specially sewn parts in the shape of the boss, and their unit symbols on them. Perhaps a version of these was what the chronic ...is applied. Round shields were typically 80 - 90cm (31" - 36") in diameter and constructed from 6 - 10mm (1/4" - 3/8") thick planks.
    3 KB (535 words) - 21:04, 19 September 2017
  • ...the raw edge of the neck hole or cuffs. It is usually of the same material and colour as the tunic or shirt. Although we use the term bias edge, the cloth ...of cloth is sewn onto an edge of a piece of clothing around the neck hole and cuffs. The strip is usually of the same material on shirts but can be of a
    3 KB (518 words) - 16:40, 11 December 2017
  • ...s a the switch. Even this is not always a perfect way to pigeonhole events and artefacts. ...arch and archaeology, by comparing what the chroniclers of the time wrote, and the practicalities of constructing such a thing today, using 1000 year old
    2 KB (297 words) - 19:11, 27 August 2018
  • '''Preacher''': Our God is one, and yet has three aspects. ...comes in three forms too, Oðin, Villi and Ve. Sometimes they're brothers and sometimes they're one person.
    3 KB (473 words) - 12:12, 30 August 2018
  • ...t members will use this information in the spirit in which it is intended, and not to seek to exploit ‘loopholes’ or push the boundaries of authentici Items listed as ([[R]]) are of very specific and restricted use and you should check against the Restricted pages (found at the end of Womens C
    3 KB (435 words) - 21:33, 5 July 2017
  • ...ings, embroidery, silk strips or tablet weave, can be applied to the cuffs and neck-hole. Embroidery is sometimes applied to the tunic’s skirt but never ...facing to the hem of the tunic’s skirt. The Norman style of split front and rear shirt is also growing in popularity.
    2 KB (349 words) - 22:11, 22 January 2018
  • ''For outer-layer clothing see [[Cloaks and Coats (Women's)|Women's Cloaks and Coats]]''<br> ...tight to the wrist. They are often made over long so as to cover the hand and then worn rucked back. Rolling the sleeves up the arm is considered '[[Unac
    7 KB (1,085 words) - 19:18, 14 January 2018

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